草莓污视频导航

June 19, 2017

Thousands of Fort Mac fire tweets show evacuees struggled for online answers

草莓污视频导航 research uses social media to improve online information in time of crisis
Maleknaz Nayebi, a PhD candidate in software engineering and lead author, Guenther Ruhe, Electrical and Computer Engineering professor, and PhD candidate Mahshid Marbouti analyzed 70,000 tweets from evacuees during the Fort McMurray fire. Photos by Riley Brandt, 草莓污视频导航
Maleknaz Nayebi, a PhD candidate in software engineering and lead author, Guenther Ruhe, Electrical

Painstaking analysis of nearly 70,000 tweets sent out by evacuees escaping the Fort McMurray wildfire shows key concerns in a crisis aren鈥檛 being answered by current smartphone emergency apps, leaving citizens in the dark at a time of mass panic.

After studying queries and concerns repeatedly expressed over Twitter during last May鈥檚 evacuation of 88,000 people from the fire-threatened city, software engineers at the 草莓污视频导航 determined the most pressing needs and questions failed to match up with features being provided via smartphone software, a serious concern when the Internet is a primary source of information.

鈥淥ur results show that the apps presently available to people in need are lacking relevant and useful features,鈥 explains Maleknaz Nayebi, lead researcher and PhD candidate at Schulich School of Engineering.

鈥淲e found that up to 80 per cent of the features people are looking for aren鈥檛 accommodated right now. There are 26 apps for wildfires in North America 聽and Australia, for example, but they don鈥檛 have the features people really want.鈥

Learning what people really need in a crisis

The study, published online through the 2017 IEEE/ACM 39th International Conference on Software Engineering, aims to arm future software developers with a better sense of what people really need in a crisis, whether natural disaster like a fire or flood, or man-made, like an act of terror.

Ensuring victims can get the right information via their smartphones, at times when first responders are overwhelmed and people are panicked and desperate is increasingly vital 鈥斅燼nd as this research noted, 鈥淪ocial media became the crisis鈥 unofficial emergency broadcast system.鈥

To determine what people really wanted during the Fort McMurray wildfire, the team designed a program called MAPFEAT to comb through 69,680 unique tweets from May 2 to May 7, 2016, and then match the most commonly repeated queries with existing mobile application software.

MAPFEAT 鈥斅爐he acronym stands for Mining APp FEAtures from Tweets 鈥斅爐old researchers that information and service most in demand at the height of the Fort McMurray fire wasn鈥檛 available, even via apps specifically designed to provide information during wildfires and other disasters.

Maleknaz Nayebi, Guenther Ruhe, and Mahshid Marbouti.

Maleknaz Nayebi, Guenther Ruhe, and Mahshid Marbouti.

Riley Brandt, 草莓污视频导航

Top 10 most helpful features

The top 10 features that would have helped evacuees the most, based on MAPFEAT鈥檚 crowdsource analysis and followup studies with the general public, included:

  1. Fire alarm notification
  2. Food and water requests and resource
  3. Emergency maintenance service
  4. Send emergency text messages
  5. Safety guidelines
  6. Fire and safeness warning
  7. Request ambulance at a tap
  8. 聽Find nearest gas station
  9. Emergency zones maps
  10. Find a medical centre

Whether it was questions about the availability of petrol, proximity of danger or inquiries about potential food and shelter, Nayebi and her team found only six of the top 40 concerns were addressed by existing apps, and not a single item in the top 10 was covered.

鈥淏y using MAPFEAT, we proactively understand victims鈥 needs and suggest mobile software support to the people impacted,鈥 says Nayebi.

Looking for applications beyond emergencies

Rather than just a critique of software shortcomings, the researchers hope their analysis will be a silver lining to the gargantuan cloud of fire and smoke that sent thousands of residents fleeing for their lives, and the same crowdsource technique may be applicable for software design beyond emergencies.

鈥淲e are at the first stage of extracting those needs, and the next step is for organizations to adopt this information,鈥 explains Nayebi.

Given a chance to employ MAPFEAT and understand what people really want to know in a mass emergency, it鈥檚 hoped public information apps can be updated to reflect the reality of a panicked population, and provide useful information in a crisis or disaster.

鈥淭hat is a fundamental problem in all software development, to try and understand the user needs is always difficult,鈥 says Guenther Ruhe, Nayebyi鈥檚 supervisor and a member of the research team, along with Mahshid Marbouti, Rachel Quapp and Frank Maurer from 草莓污视频导航鈥檚 Faculty of Science.

鈥淭hat鈥檚 why this is such a smart idea, because from social media you get basically all the information you need to solve this problem.鈥